Furnace for baking incandesgents



4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

0. GOULTASS.

FURNACE FOR BAKING INGANDESGBNTS.

Patented Aug. 4, 1885.

TA/itn emeo.

a. W71 @MM/ 4 Sheen -Sheet 3.

(N0 Medal.)

G. OOULTASS.

FURNACE FOR BAKING INUANDESGENTS.

N. PETERS. her, Wmingen, D. C.

' forming apparatus.

UNITED STATES PATENT @rmcs.

CHARLES GOULTASS, OF SHARPSBURG, ASSIGNOR TO THE EMPIRE ELECTRIC CARBONCOMPANY, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

FURNACE FOR BAKING INCANDESCENTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 323,500, dated August4, 1885.

Application filed May 6, 1885.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, CHARLES COULTASS, of Sharpsburg, in the county ofAllegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Furnaces for Baking Carbons for Electric Lamps; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear,and exact descriptionthereof. I

In the manufacture of carbon pencils for electric-arc lamps, one of thesteps of the process is the baking or roasting of the carbon after ithas been molded into shape by the Where these articles are made in largequantities, the ovens now in common use have proved defective by reasonof the fact that it is practically impossible to heat them uniformly.The contents of one part of an oven are apt to be but partially roasted,while those in another part have been perfectly heated. It is the objectof my invention to obviate this dificulty and to provide an oven capableof receiving an equable temperture throughout; and,further,to combineaseries of such ovens, each of which is heated from the same source, andis exposed to heat equally with the others.

I will now describe my improvement with reference to the accompanyingdrawings, forming part of this'specification, in which Figure 1 is aperspective view of two series of my improved ovens, placed adjacent forpurpose of convenience. It is shown in sec tion on the line on of Fig.2. Fig. 2 isa-horizontal crosssection on the line x a; of Figs. 1 and 6.Fig. 3 is a similar section on the line y y of the same figures. Fig. 4is a vertical longitudinal section on the line y y of Figs. 1 and 6.Fig. 5 is a horizontal section on the line z e of Figs. 1 and 6. Fig. 6is a vertical cross-section on the line .2 z of Fig. 2. Fig. 7 is aSimilar section on the line 2 2 of Figs. 2 and 3- Like letters ofreference indicate like parts.

In the drawings, a, a, and a (see Fig. 1) represent three adjacentheating chambers or ovens, the sides of winch are closed, except thefronts, which are provided with doors, or adapted to be closed by tilesor bricks for the purpose of inserting and removing the carbons. In thedrawings there are shown two (No model.)

1 series of ovens, the second series, A A A being placed back of thefirst series, and heated by a separate combustionehamber. Both of theseseries operate in the same way, and are joined only for purpose ofconvenience, because the same chimneystack is used forboth. I willtherefore limit this specification to a description of the constructionand working of the first series.

The series of ovens a a cf are inclosed by an arch a and by walls a. Thearch a is placed somewhat above the ovens, and they together makeachamber or flue, c, Fig. 4., for the passage of the waste products ofcombustion. Vertical flues d d, communicating with the chamber 0, aremade by the separation of the side walls, a, from the outer walls of theheating-chambers a a. The flues e, d, and (1 extend the entire length ofthe heating-ovens.

The combustion-chamber b is situate underneath the middle chamber, a,and in the construction shown in Fig. 1 has grate-bars for consumingcoal. IVhen gas is used as fuel, I employ the modification shown inFig.4, which will be explained hereinafter.

The floors of the outer chambers, a a, are preferably on a little lowerhorizontal plane than that of the central chamber, a, and are supportedby a layer of separately-laid bricks in the manner of checker-work.(Shown in Figs. 1 and 5.) The horizontal fluesff thus formed communicatewith the combustionchamber 1) by means of short fines or openings c c,and also with the vertical does (I d, into which they open.

Transverse horizontal flues g g are made at intervals through the hearthof the furnace underneath the liuesff. (See Figs. 1 and 6.) They leadfrom the combustion-chamber b to the base of the vertical fines d (1,into which they open, thereby establishing communication between theseparts. In Fig. l I have shown these fines g y extended through the outerside walls, a, of the furnace structure, and closed by brick-stoppers.The purpose of this arrangement is to enable their easy cleaning fromsoot and ashes.

and the outer chambers, a c, are vertical longitudinal fines h h, whichare coextensive Between the central heating-chamber, a,

too

wi t! the chambers, and communicate at their front ends with the flue eby diving-fluesz' i, and at their rear with a common rising flue,

j, through a transverse flue, is, Fig. 3. The

fluej is situated back of the middle heatingchamber, a, and forms partof the chimneystack of the furnace.

The operation of the parts just described is as follows: The heatedproducts of combustion from the chamber 1) enter the transverse andhorizontal flues f f and c 0, preferably through a common adit, as shownin Fig. 1. So much as enters the flues ff circulates among the bricksarranged therein and imparts heat to the floors of the chambers a awhile that which enters flues c passes directly into the rising flues dd,where it meets the gas and smoke emerging from the flues f f. Thenmingled, they ascend the flues d d and enter the flue or chamber 6,where they heat-the crowns of all the ovens, and thence descend throughthe diving flues 13 i into the longitudinal flues h h, in passingthrough which the inner sides of the ovens a a and both sides of theoven to are heated. Finally, the products of combustion go from thefines h h through the flues k is into the stack at 7', thus heating theback of the oven a.

In order to heat the back walls of the ovens a a and the floor of themiddle oven, a, the furnace is provided with additional flues, which aremost clearly shown in Figs. 2, 7, and 5 of the drawings. At the back ofthe combustionchamber 1) are ports m m,which open into horizontaltransverse flues a a, situate on about the same level as that of theflues c c, and opening into vertical rising flues 0 0, which arecontiguous to the back of the ovens a a The flues 0 0 enter the chambere above the several ovens through ports 19 The operation of the flueslast described is as follows: The products of combustion from thefirechamber traverse in succession the ports m m, flues n n o 0, portsp, and having crossed the chamber e,descend the flues i z',and finallyenter the stack j through the flues h h and k k, as before described.

It will be apparent that this construction of furnace offers a largespace to the heating action of the burning gases, and that those partsof the ovens which are first affected by the gases receive less amountsthan those which are more remote. All sides of each of the ovens areexposed to the heat. All the ovens are therefore equally heated, and thecontents of each roasted evenly.

The modification of my improvement which adapts it to use with naturalgas is illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, and 4. As is well known, this gas ismost effective when used with heated air, and in order to do this I makehorizontal flues q q through the floor of the furnace parallel with thegas-fiucs g g, and extending likewise through the outer walls, a, andinto the combustion chamber. These flues are hr" 1. by proximity to thecombustion-flues, a as the air is drawn through them it be comes highlyheated. To increase their heating properties theymay be made tortuous orprovided with checker-work, as shown in Fig. 2, so as to delay thecirculation of the air. In the use of natural gas the front of thecombustion-chamber is closed up, the grate-bars are of course taken out,and a bridge-wall, 1', built just forward of the T, which introduces thegas. One part of the furnace (shown in Fig. 4) is built for naturalgas-and the other for coal.

When the air-flues q q are not desired, as when coal is used, they maybe closed by brick stoppers.

The other series of ovens before mentioned needs no further description.Itis built back to back with the first series, and its flues open intothe common stack, as shown in Fig. 4. A furnace thus built is compactand convenient.

I am well aware that horizontal and vertical flues situate around and inthe walls of ovens and furnaces are not new, and I do not desire toclaim the same, broadly, as my invention relates merely to thearrangement of the flues, combustion-chamber, and ovens, as hereinbeforedescribed. I do not desire, however,'to limit myself to any particularnumber of ovens.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, 1s

1. In a roasting-furnace, the combination, with a series ofadjacently-situate heatingovens, a a a, of a combustion-chamber, b,flues g g, underlying said ovens, a flue, e, overlying the same, risingflues d (1, connecting the said upper and lower flues and contiguouswith the sides of said ovens, and flues h h, communicating with saidoverlying flue and contiguous with the remaining sides of said ovens,substantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. In a roasting-furnace, the combination, with a series ofadjacently-situate heatingovens, a a a, of a combustion-chamber, b,flues g g, underlying said ovens, a flue, e, overlying the same, risingflues d d, connecting said upper and lower flues and contiguous withsides of said ovens, aflue or flues, h, communicating with saidoverlying fiue contiguous with the remaining sides of said ovens, and aflue, j, contiguous with the rear of one of said ovens and communicatingwith said flue or flues h,substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

3. The combination, with a series of adjacently-situate heating-ovens,of a combustionchamber, 1), rising flues d d, contiguous with the sidesof several of said ovens,-fiues underlying the same, communicating withthe combustion-chamber b and with the rising flues d d, for heating thefloors of the ovens, and flues g leading directly from thecombustionchamber to the rising flues and separated from said floors,substantially as specified.

4. The combination, with a series of adjacently-situate heating-ovens, aa a of a com-' bustion-chamber, b, fines f, underlying said ovens, a,fine, e, overlying the same, rising fiuesdd, connecting said upper andlower fines and contiguous with the sides of said ovens, fines h h,communicating with said overlying fine and contiguous with the remainingsides of said ovens, a flue or fines, m m, leading from thecombustion-chamber to the rear of the ovens, and rising fiues 0, leadingthence to said overlying flue, all of said fines being in IOintercommunioation, substantially as and for the purposes described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 27th day of April,1885.

. CHARLES COULTASS.

Witnesses:

WV. B. COR-WIN,

T. W. BAKEW'ELL.

